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Maintenance Guide

Maintenance Guide

Maintenance Guides. Service repairs for Classic & modern cars. Manuals (registered users only).

Drivetrain   Electrical & electronic   Engine Guide   Engines Makes   Induction-extraction   Suspension & Steering   Tools   Vehicle Body   Wheels & Brakes
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  • Electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD)

    Technical Guides
    Electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD)

    Electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD) Electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD or EBFD), Electronic brakeforce limitation (EBL) is an automobile brake technology that ...

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  • Electronic instrument cluster

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    Technical Guides
    Electronic instrument cluster

    Electronic instrument cluster In an automobile, an electronic instrument cluster, digital instrument panel or digital dash for short, is a set of instrumentation, including the ...

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  • Electronic stability control

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    Technical Guides
    Electronic stability control

    Electronic stability control Electronic Stability Control (ESC), also referred to as electronic stability program (ESP) or dynamic stability control (DSC), is a computerized ...

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  • Electronic throttle control

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    Technical Guides
    Electronic throttle control

    Electronic throttle control Electronic throttle control (ETC) is an automobile technology which connects the accelerator pedal to the throttle, replacing a mechanical linkage. ...

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  • Elsbett engine

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    Technical Guides
    Elsbett engine

    Elsbett Vegetable oil engine The Elsbett engine is a design of diesel engine designed to run on vegetable oil. It's also known as Elko engine and was invented by Ludwig Elsbett. ...

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  • Emergency brake assist (EBA)

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    Technical Guides
    Emergency brake assist (EBA)

    Emergency brake assist (EBA) Emergency brake assist (EBA) or Brake Assist (BA or BAS) is a generic term for an automobile braking technology that increases braking pressure in an ...

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  • Emission standards Europe

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    Technical Guides
    Emission standards Europe

    Emission standards Europe Emission standards for passenger cars and light commercial vehicles are summarised in the following tables. Since the Euro 2 stage, EU regulations ...

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  • Emissions control

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    Technical Guides
    Emissions control

    Emissions control Vehicle emissions control is the study and practice of reducing the motor vehicle emissions -- emissions produced by motor vehicles, especially internal ...

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  • Engine Backfires

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    Technical Guides
    Engine Backfires

    Engine Backfires help There are two kinds of backfires, one is produced from the engine air intake and the other is produced from the tail pipe of theexhaust system. The cause ...

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  • Engine balance

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    Technical Guides
    Engine balance

    Engine balance Engine balance refers to the inherent motions of the components of an engine, such as an internal combustion engine, and the engineering solutions used to minimise ...

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  • Engine Blueprinting

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    Technical Guides
    Engine Blueprinting

    Engine Blueprinting Engine blueprinting means specifically to create an engine that reflects the design intent through the removal of manufacturing tolerances insofar as that is ...

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  • Engine braking

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    Technical Guides
    Engine braking

    Car Engine braking explained Engine braking occurs when the retarding forces within an engine are used to slow a vehicle down, as opposed to using an external braking mechanism ...

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  • Engine configurations explained

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    Technical Guides
    Engine configurations explained

    Engine configuration Explained Engine configuration is an engineering term for the layout of the major components of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine. These ...

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  • Engine displacement

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    Technical Guides
    Engine displacement

    Engine displacement explained One complete cycle of a four-cylinder, four-stroke engine. The volume displaced is marked in red. Engine displacement is the volume swept by all the ...

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  • Engine knocking (Pinking)

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    Technical Guides
    Engine knocking (Pinking)

    Car Engine knocking (Pinking) explained Knocking (also called knock, detonation, spark knock, pinging or pinking) in spark-ignition internal combustion engines occurs when ...

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  • Engine Oil & Filter How to Change

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    Technical Guides
    Engine Oil & Filter How to Change

    How to Change car Engine Oil and Filter Typical car filter and oil plug location Normal oil and oil filter change service is mandatory forlong engine life. Today's engines have ...

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  • Engine Oil Leaks

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    Technical Guides
    Engine Oil Leaks

    Car Engine Oil Leaks Any engine oil leak is not normal, when you notice oil underneath your car it means an engine oil leak has developed. Inside the engine there are two states ...

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  • Engine Oil Pressure High or Low

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    Technical Guides
    Engine Oil Pressure High or Low

    High or Low Engine Oil Pressure The oil in your engine is used to cool and lubricate the bearings and machined surfaces of the internal moving parts. Without oil and oil pressure ...

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  • Engine Overheating or Runs Hot

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    Technical Guides
    Engine Overheating or Runs Hot

    Engine Overheating or Runs Hot help Engine Overheating Repair Inside your car's engine, thousands of controlled explosions called combustion events occur. These explosions are ...

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  • Engine Service Light Trouble Codes

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    Technical Guides
    Engine Service Light Trouble Codes

    Engine Service Light Trouble Codes How to Check for Trouble Codes If you see a "check engine" or a "service engine soon" light in your instrument cluster, your car has stored a ...

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  • Engine Tune-up

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    Technical Guides
    Engine Tune-up

    Basic Car Engine Tune-up Most vehicles have ignition systems and a throttle bore. The enigne's ignition system is the component that ignites the fuel air mixture inside the ...

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  • Engine Windage

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    Technical Guides
    Engine Windage

    Engine Windage Explained Windage is a force created on an object by friction when there is relative movement between air and the object. There are two causes of windage: the ...

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  • Exhaust Gas

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    Technical Guides
    Exhaust Gas

    Exhaust Gas Explained Exhaust gas or flue gas is emitted as a result of the combustion of fuels such as natural gas, gasoline/petrol, diesel fuel, fuel oil or coal. According to ...

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  • Exhaust manifold

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    Technical Guides
    Exhaust manifold

    Exhaust manifold In automotive engineering, an exhaust manifold collects the exhaust gases from multiple cylinders into one pipe. The word manifold comes from the Old English ...

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  • Exhaust manifold Checking hot-spot valve

    Technical Guides
    Exhaust manifold Checking hot-spot valve

    Checking the operation of the hot-spot valve Guide to checking the operation of the hot-spot valve between inlet and exhaust manifold on older cars. Some older car may have ...

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  • Exhaust Silencer (Muffler)

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    Technical Guides
    Exhaust Silencer (Muffler)

    Exhaust Silencer (Muffler) A muffler (or silencer in British English) is a device for reducing the amount of noise emitted by the exhaust of an internal combustion engine. ...

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  • Expansion tank

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    Technical Guides
    Expansion tank

    Expansion tank An expansion tank is also used in the cooling system of most internal combustion engines, to allow the antifreeze and air in the system to expand with rising ...

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  • F4 Front-engine, four-wheel-drive

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    Technical Guides
    F4 Front-engine, four-wheel-drive

    Automotive (F4) Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout In automotive design, an F4, or Front-engine, Four-wheel-drive layout places the internal combustion engine at the front of ...

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  • Ferrari ECU upgrades

    Technical Guides
    Ferrari ECU upgrades

    ECU Remapping for Ferrari Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Ferrari cars with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP Tuning Performance 348 3.4 300 ...

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  • Ferrari Wheel Fitment Guide

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    Technical Guides
    Ferrari Wheel Fitment Guide

    Ferrari Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model P.C.D. ET C.B. Ferrari 308 5 x 108 N / I N / I Ferrari 324 5 x 108 N / I 67 Ferrari 348 (Before 1995) 5 x 108 N / I 43 ...

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  • Ferrari-Maserati F136 engine (2002-)

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    Engines
    2000s
    Ferrari-Maserati F136 engine (2002-)

    Ferrari-Maserati F136 engine Make Ferrari and Maserati ( Fiat group ) Years of production Since 2002 Class Supercar Engines Assembly plant Ferrari factory in Maranello Fuel ...

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  • Ferrari-Maserati F140 engine (2002-)

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    Engines
    2000s
    Ferrari-Maserati F140 engine (2002-)

    F140 Ferrari-Maserati engine Make Ferrari - Maserati Years of production Since 2002 Class Performance Engine Assembly plant (s) Ferrari factory in Maranello Energy Gasoline ...

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  • FF Front-wheel-drive

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    Technical Guides
    FF Front-wheel-drive

    Car Front-wheel-drive (FF) explained FF layout Front-wheel-drive layouts are those in which the front wheels of the vehicle are driven. The most popular layout used in cars today ...

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  • Fiat 1.3 MultiJet Series 2 engine (2009-)

    Engines
    2000s
    Fiat 1.3 MultiJet Series 2 engine (2009-)

    Fiat 1.3 MultiJet Series II SDE Engine The Fiat 1.3 MultiJet engine is a turbocharged thermal engine for diesel cars comprising four cylinders in line, equipped with the ...

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  • FIAT 100 engine (1955 to 2000)

    Engines
    1950s
    FIAT 100 engine (1955 to 2000)

    FIAT 100 engine range 1955 to 2000 The Fiat "100 series" engines have been of 4-stroke engines fueled by petrol with 4 cylinders in line.Built from 1955 to 2000. History The Fiat ...

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  • Fiat 124 series engine (1966-1999)

    Engines
    1960s
    Fiat 124 series engine (1966-1999)

    Fiat 124 series engine Manufacturer Fiat / Fiat Automóveis (Brazil) Production 1966–1999 Configuration OHV 2-valve inline-four SOHC 2-valve inline-four SOHC diesel 2-valve ...

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  • Fiat E.torQ engine (2011-)

    Engines
    2010s
    Fiat E.torQ engine (2011-)

    Fiat E.torQ engine explained Manufacturer Fiat Production 2011–present Predecessor Tritec engine GM 1.8 X18XE Fiat 1.9 Torque Configuration Straight-4 Displacement 1.6 L 1,598 cc ...

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  • Fiat ECU upgrades

    Technical Guides
    Fiat ECU upgrades

    ECU Remapping for Fiat Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Fiat cars and vans with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP SRS II Tuning Performance 500 ...

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  • Fiat FIRE Engine (1985-)

    Engines
    1980s
    Fiat FIRE Engine (1985-)

    Fiat F.I.R.E Engine explained Fully Integrated Robotised Engine The FIRE (for "Fully Integrated Robotised Engine") is a series of automobile engines from Fiat Powertrain ...

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  • Fiat FireFly engine (2016-)

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    Engines
    2010s
    Fiat FireFly engine (2016-)

    Fiat Chrysler FireFly engine The engine FireFly (codename GSE , Global Small Engine ) is a family of internal combustion engines fueled by gasoline in 4-stroke alternative 3- and ...

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  • Fiat FPT 420F3 Engine (2008-)

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    Engines
    2000s
    Fiat FPT 420F3 Engine (2008-)

    FPT Racing 420F3 Engine Manufacturer FPT Racing Guy In-line cylinder engine Number ofcylinders 4 Cooling down in liquid form Supply aspirated with electronic injection Magneti ...

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  • Fiat JTD engine (1997-)

    Engines
    1990s
    Fiat JTD engine (1997-)

    Fiat JTD engine Explained Manufacturer Fiat Group/General Motors Maruti Suzuki Tata-Fiat JV Also called CDTI (Opel) CRD (Jeep) D (Cadillac) DDiS (Suzuki) Duratorq TDCi (Ford) ...

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  • Fiat MultiJet engine (1996-)

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    Engines
    1990s
    Fiat MultiJet engine (1996-)

    Fiat 1.3 MultiJet engine The Fiat 1.3 MultiJet engine is a turbocharged thermal engine for diesel cars comprising four cylinders in line, equipped with the revolutionary Common ...

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  • FIAT Pratola Serra 4 Cylinder petrol engine (1998-)

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    Engines
    1990s
    FIAT Pratola Serra 4 Cylinder petrol engine (1998-)

    FIAT Pratola Serra modular 4-cylinder petrol engines The FIAT Pratola Serra modular engines (in turn distinguished in the B family for the 4-cylinder models by the Fiat ...

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  • FIAT Pratola Serra 4-cyl Diesel engine (1998-)

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    Engines
    1990s
    FIAT Pratola Serra 4-cyl Diesel engine (1998-)

    FIAT Pratola Serra modular 4-cylinder Diesel engines The FIAT Pratola Serra modular engines (in turn distinguished in the B family for the 4-cylinder models by the Fiat ...

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