Maintenance Guide
Maintenance Guides. Service repairs for Classic & modern cars. Manuals (registered users only).
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Electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD)
Technical GuidesRead more...Electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD) Electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD or EBFD), Electronic brakeforce limitation (EBL) is an automobile brake technology that ...
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Electronic instrument cluster
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Electronic instrument cluster In an automobile, an electronic instrument cluster, digital instrument panel or digital dash for short, is a set of instrumentation, including the ...
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Electronic stability control
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Electronic stability control Electronic Stability Control (ESC), also referred to as electronic stability program (ESP) or dynamic stability control (DSC), is a computerized ...
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Electronic throttle control
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Electronic throttle control Electronic throttle control (ETC) is an automobile technology which connects the accelerator pedal to the throttle, replacing a mechanical linkage. ...
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Elsbett engine
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Elsbett Vegetable oil engine The Elsbett engine is a design of diesel engine designed to run on vegetable oil. It's also known as Elko engine and was invented by Ludwig Elsbett. ...
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Emergency brake assist (EBA)
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Emergency brake assist (EBA) Emergency brake assist (EBA) or Brake Assist (BA or BAS) is a generic term for an automobile braking technology that increases braking pressure in an ...
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Emission standards Europe
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Emission standards Europe Emission standards for passenger cars and light commercial vehicles are summarised in the following tables. Since the Euro 2 stage, EU regulations ...
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Emissions control
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Emissions control Vehicle emissions control is the study and practice of reducing the motor vehicle emissions -- emissions produced by motor vehicles, especially internal ...
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Engine Backfires
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Engine Backfires help There are two kinds of backfires, one is produced from the engine air intake and the other is produced from the tail pipe of theexhaust system. The cause ...
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Engine balance
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Engine balance Engine balance refers to the inherent motions of the components of an engine, such as an internal combustion engine, and the engineering solutions used to minimise ...
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Engine Blueprinting
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Engine Blueprinting Engine blueprinting means specifically to create an engine that reflects the design intent through the removal of manufacturing tolerances insofar as that is ...
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Engine braking
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Car Engine braking explained Engine braking occurs when the retarding forces within an engine are used to slow a vehicle down, as opposed to using an external braking mechanism ...
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Engine configurations explained
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Engine configuration Explained Engine configuration is an engineering term for the layout of the major components of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine. These ...
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Engine displacement
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Engine displacement explained One complete cycle of a four-cylinder, four-stroke engine. The volume displaced is marked in red. Engine displacement is the volume swept by all the ...
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Engine knocking (Pinking)
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Car Engine knocking (Pinking) explained Knocking (also called knock, detonation, spark knock, pinging or pinking) in spark-ignition internal combustion engines occurs when ...
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Engine Oil & Filter How to Change
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...How to Change car Engine Oil and Filter Typical car filter and oil plug location Normal oil and oil filter change service is mandatory forlong engine life. Today's engines have ...
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Engine Oil Leaks
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Car Engine Oil Leaks Any engine oil leak is not normal, when you notice oil underneath your car it means an engine oil leak has developed. Inside the engine there are two states ...
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Engine Oil Pressure High or Low
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...High or Low Engine Oil Pressure The oil in your engine is used to cool and lubricate the bearings and machined surfaces of the internal moving parts. Without oil and oil pressure ...
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Engine Overheating or Runs Hot
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Engine Overheating or Runs Hot help Engine Overheating Repair Inside your car's engine, thousands of controlled explosions called combustion events occur. These explosions are ...
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Engine Service Light Trouble Codes
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Engine Service Light Trouble Codes How to Check for Trouble Codes If you see a "check engine" or a "service engine soon" light in your instrument cluster, your car has stored a ...
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Engine Tune-up
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Basic Car Engine Tune-up Most vehicles have ignition systems and a throttle bore. The enigne's ignition system is the component that ignites the fuel air mixture inside the ...
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Engine Windage
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Engine Windage Explained Windage is a force created on an object by friction when there is relative movement between air and the object. There are two causes of windage: the ...
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Exhaust Gas
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Exhaust Gas Explained Exhaust gas or flue gas is emitted as a result of the combustion of fuels such as natural gas, gasoline/petrol, diesel fuel, fuel oil or coal. According to ...
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Exhaust manifold
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Exhaust manifold In automotive engineering, an exhaust manifold collects the exhaust gases from multiple cylinders into one pipe. The word manifold comes from the Old English ...
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Exhaust manifold Checking hot-spot valve
Technical GuidesRead more...Checking the operation of the hot-spot valve Guide to checking the operation of the hot-spot valve between inlet and exhaust manifold on older cars. Some older car may have ...
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Exhaust Silencer (Muffler)
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Exhaust Silencer (Muffler) A muffler (or silencer in British English) is a device for reducing the amount of noise emitted by the exhaust of an internal combustion engine. ...
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Expansion tank
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Expansion tank An expansion tank is also used in the cooling system of most internal combustion engines, to allow the antifreeze and air in the system to expand with rising ...
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F4 Front-engine, four-wheel-drive
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Automotive (F4) Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout In automotive design, an F4, or Front-engine, Four-wheel-drive layout places the internal combustion engine at the front of ...
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Ferrari ECU upgrades
Technical GuidesRead more...ECU Remapping for Ferrari Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Ferrari cars with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP Tuning Performance 348 3.4 300 ...
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Ferrari Wheel Fitment Guide
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Ferrari Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model P.C.D. ET C.B. Ferrari 308 5 x 108 N / I N / I Ferrari 324 5 x 108 N / I 67 Ferrari 348 (Before 1995) 5 x 108 N / I 43 ...
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Ferrari-Maserati F136 engine (2002-)
RegisteredEngines2000sRead more...Ferrari-Maserati F136 engine Make Ferrari and Maserati ( Fiat group ) Years of production Since 2002 Class Supercar Engines Assembly plant Ferrari factory in Maranello Fuel ...
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Ferrari-Maserati F140 engine (2002-)
RegisteredEngines2000sRead more...F140 Ferrari-Maserati engine Make Ferrari - Maserati Years of production Since 2002 Class Performance Engine Assembly plant (s) Ferrari factory in Maranello Energy Gasoline ...
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FF Front-wheel-drive
RegisteredTechnical GuidesRead more...Car Front-wheel-drive (FF) explained FF layout Front-wheel-drive layouts are those in which the front wheels of the vehicle are driven. The most popular layout used in cars today ...
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Fiat 1.3 MultiJet Series 2 engine (2009-)
Engines2000sRead more...Fiat 1.3 MultiJet Series II SDE Engine The Fiat 1.3 MultiJet engine is a turbocharged thermal engine for diesel cars comprising four cylinders in line, equipped with the ...
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FIAT 100 engine (1955 to 2000)
Engines1950sRead more...FIAT 100 engine range 1955 to 2000 The Fiat "100 series" engines have been of 4-stroke engines fueled by petrol with 4 cylinders in line.Built from 1955 to 2000. History The Fiat ...
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Fiat 124 series engine (1966-1999)
Engines1960sRead more...Fiat 124 series engine Manufacturer Fiat / Fiat Automóveis (Brazil) Production 1966–1999 Configuration OHV 2-valve inline-four SOHC 2-valve inline-four SOHC diesel 2-valve ...
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Fiat E.torQ engine (2011-)
Engines2010sRead more...Fiat E.torQ engine explained Manufacturer Fiat Production 2011–present Predecessor Tritec engine GM 1.8 X18XE Fiat 1.9 Torque Configuration Straight-4 Displacement 1.6 L 1,598 cc ...
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Fiat ECU upgrades
Technical GuidesRead more...ECU Remapping for Fiat Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Fiat cars and vans with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP SRS II Tuning Performance 500 ...
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Fiat FIRE Engine (1985-)
Engines1980sRead more...Fiat F.I.R.E Engine explained Fully Integrated Robotised Engine The FIRE (for "Fully Integrated Robotised Engine") is a series of automobile engines from Fiat Powertrain ...
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Fiat FireFly engine (2016-)
RegisteredEngines2010sRead more...Fiat Chrysler FireFly engine The engine FireFly (codename GSE , Global Small Engine ) is a family of internal combustion engines fueled by gasoline in 4-stroke alternative 3- and ...
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Fiat FPT 420F3 Engine (2008-)
RegisteredEngines2000sRead more...FPT Racing 420F3 Engine Manufacturer FPT Racing Guy In-line cylinder engine Number ofcylinders 4 Cooling down in liquid form Supply aspirated with electronic injection Magneti ...
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Fiat JTD engine (1997-)
Engines1990sRead more...Fiat JTD engine Explained Manufacturer Fiat Group/General Motors Maruti Suzuki Tata-Fiat JV Also called CDTI (Opel) CRD (Jeep) D (Cadillac) DDiS (Suzuki) Duratorq TDCi (Ford) ...
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Fiat MultiJet engine (1996-)
RegisteredEngines1990sRead more...Fiat 1.3 MultiJet engine The Fiat 1.3 MultiJet engine is a turbocharged thermal engine for diesel cars comprising four cylinders in line, equipped with the revolutionary Common ...
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FIAT Pratola Serra 4 Cylinder petrol engine (1998-)
RegisteredEngines1990sRead more...FIAT Pratola Serra modular 4-cylinder petrol engines The FIAT Pratola Serra modular engines (in turn distinguished in the B family for the 4-cylinder models by the Fiat ...
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FIAT Pratola Serra 4-cyl Diesel engine (1998-)
RegisteredEngines1990sRead more...FIAT Pratola Serra modular 4-cylinder Diesel engines The FIAT Pratola Serra modular engines (in turn distinguished in the B family for the 4-cylinder models by the Fiat ...
