Maintenance Guide
Maintenance Guides. Service repairs for Classic & modern cars. Manuals (registered users only).
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Opel CIH Engine (1965-1995)
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Opel Vauxhall CIH Engine (1965 to 1995) The CIH (Camshaft in Head) 4 and 6 cylinder engines of from Opel AG were used in Opel cars such as the Manta,Ascona and Cavalier and later ...
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Opel ECU upgrades
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ECU Remapping for Opel Cars Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Opel cars with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP SRS II DNA Tuning Performance ...
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Opel GM L81 LA3 V6 engine (1993-)
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Opel Vauxhall GM L81 LA3 V6 54 ° engine The 54 ° V6 engine is a development of GM from the early 1990s. engine codes X25XE,X25XEI,X30XE,Y26SE,Z32SE. The specifications was a ...
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Opel Wheel Fitment Guide
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Opel Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model P.C.D. ET C.B. Opel Ascona 4 x 100 35...42 56.5 Opel Astra 4 x 100 35...42 56.5 Opel Bedford CF 230/250 5 x 152.4 110 Opel ...
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Opel X16SZ Engine (1993-2000)
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Opel X16SZ engine From 1993 to 2000 The orignal X16SZ the petrol engine was produced from 1993 to 1996 and installed Astra F and Vectra A .The X16SZ had a torque higher by 3 Nm ...
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Opel Z18XE Z18 Engine (1998-)
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The Opel Vauxhall X18XE Engine range From 1998 on Vauxhall Opel X18XE1 The X18XE1 is a gasoline engine from Opel , which was produced from 1998. The engine has a displacement ...
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Overhang Explained
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Car Overhang Explained Overhangs are the lengths of a car, at the front and rear, which extend beyond the wheelbase. They are normally described as front overhang and rear ...
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Overhead valve (OHV)
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Overhead valve (OHV) Oldsmobile Rocket V8 engine An overhead (OHV) engine, also informally called pushrod engine or I-head engine, is a type of piston engine that places the ...
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Oxygen Sensor Lean Mixture Codes
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Car Oxygen Sensor repairs and Lean Mixture Codes The engine management system is designed to control the air fuel mixture the engine consumes. This system controls the air fuel ...
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Oxygen Sensor O2 Test
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Car Oxygen Sensor O2 Test If a malfunction exists with related components such as a misfire or engine vacuum leak do not perform this test. The oxygen sensor is designed to ...
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Oxygen Sensor Replace
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How to Replace a car Oxygen Sensor The oxygen sensor for you car is designed to monitor the amount of oxygen is in the exhaust system at any given second. This is done by using ...
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Paint Acrylic lacquers
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Acrylic lacquers Finishes The use of acrylic lacquers Finishes and what they can do. Acrylic lacquers are a blend of a resin from the acrylic’s family, such as methyl ...
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Paint Adhesion Problems
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Vehicle Paint Adhesion This section covers poor paint adhesion prevention and causes, of peeling, flaking and poor adhesion when paint spraying Vehicle. Guide Note: The only fail ...
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Paint Banding stripes tram line faults
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Paint Banding stripes tram line problems faults This section covers Banding stripes in panel and tram lines. To Repair apply another coat, observing below. Cause 1 Poor overlap ...
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Paint Binder
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Paint Binder The term 'paint' can be used to describe anyfluid that can be applied to a surface and will dry to form a continuous hard film. Refinish paints vary in their ...
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Paint Bleeding Problems
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Paint Bleeding Problems The Cause of Paint Bleeding Problems can be Soluble dyes or pigments in old finish, on surface, or in undercoat dissolve in solvent of new colour, and ...
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Paint Blistering problems
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Automotive Paint Blistering This section includes Automotive paint Blistering bubbling, pimpling, pin holing, pitting and pock marks. How to repair and avoid this. Generally, to ...
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Paint Blooming Problems
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Paint Blooming (Blushing) Problems A milky and sometimes dull appearance formed in paint films during or immediately after spraying, caused by precipitation of the components of ...
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Paint Bronzing Problems
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Paint Bronzing Problems A not too common condition, seen more often in some dark blues, reds, maroons and rarely in other colours, having the appearance of a fine coloured chalk ...
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Paint Chalking (Fading) Problems
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Paint Chalking (Fading) Problems Chalking is the result of normal destruction of a paint film through the effects of weathering, mainly due to ultraviolet light and moisture. All ...
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Paint Chipping Problems
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Paint Chipping Problems Usually caused by flying gravel or bumping of corners or edges. Excess film thicknesses. Bad roads weather conditions, coastal areas, sand storms and so ...
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Paint Colour off-shade Problems
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Vehicle Paint Colour is off-shade Vehicle Paint Colour looks different to original paint under normal or different light conditions. Cause 1. Refinish colour not thoroughly ...
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Paint Cracking Problems
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Paint Cracking and shrinking Problems This section includes shrinking and splitting (of undercoats). To repair Flat out cracked area, or wash off with proper thinner or solvent, ...
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Paint Crazing Problems
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Paint Crazing Problems This section includes alligatoring, crow-footing and hair-lining (of colour coats). To RepairThoroughly remove entire crazed finish and ...
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Paint curdling precipitation problems
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Paint curdling throw-out precipitation problems This section includes Paint Precipitation problems break, compatibility, curdling and throw-out. Cause Dumping in, or addition of, ...
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Paint Dirt in finish
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Dirt in Paint finish This section includes reasons for Dirt in Paint finish grittiness and seediness. Repair 1 Dirt can sometimes be polished out with compound. 2 Films of enamel ...
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Paint Dry coats problems
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Paint Dry coats problems This section includes Paint Dry coats problems To repair Apply another coat. If very dry, flat with P600 and apply colour coat. Cause 1 Gun held too far ...
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Paint Drying problems
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Paint Drying problems This section includes Paint Drying problems ,slow drying, wet spots and tack. Wet spots are difficult to repair, and for good results they should be ...
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Paint drying process
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Vehicle paint drying process The full drying process is not the same for all paints; broadly, paints can be classified into four groups: 1. Paints generally known as lacquers, ...
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Paint Etching primers
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Paint Etching primers Etching primers are a special type of primer containing acid, to give metal etch. In addition to performing the normal functions of a primer they also act ...
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Paint Fading colour change
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Paint Fading (colour change) problems Fading is a change in colour of the pigment portion of the film due to exposure to sunlight, or in a few cases to chemical fumes. Do not ...
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Paint Fillers and primer fillers
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Automotive Paint Fillers and primer fillers How to use Automotive Paint Fillers and primer fillers and what they do. Fillers are heavily pigmented materials; they are designed to ...
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Paint finish Dry spray Problems
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Dry spray Paint finish problems How to repair Paint finish with Dry spray Problems. In certain cases overspray can usually be removed by Polishing out. With synthetic enamels it ...
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Paint Fish eyes defect problem
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Car Paint Fish eyes defect Paint problems Fish eyes problems in vehicle spray Paint. The cause is Surface contaminated with silicone, wax, grease or oil. This is not an easy ...
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Paint Flatting scratches problems
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Paint Flatting scratches problems This section includes Paint Flatting scratches problems, lifting, raising or swelling of flatting scratches. This is often a mild form of ...
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Paint Flooding problems
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Paint Flooding problems This section is about Paint Flooding problems includes floating, mottling and shadowing. To repair while film is still wet, apply a thin mist coat of ...
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Paint Gloss finish problems
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Paint Gloss finish problems Vehicle Paint Gloss finish problems.In this section includes poor gloss, bloom, clouding, deadening and dulling.To Repair after film is quite dry, ...
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Paint hiding poor covering problems
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Paint Hiding poor finish problems Paint hiding poor covering problems,This section covers poor hiding, poor covering, transparent film and undercoat showing through, Cause 1. ...
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Paint Hold-out sinking problems
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Paint Hold-out porosity and sinking finish problems This section covers poor hold-out, porosity and sinking in.To Repair When colour coat is completely hardened (several days may ...
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Paint Lifting problems
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Vehicle Spray Paint Lifting problems In this section we look at Paint Lifting problems that includes raising and crinkling (see also wrinkling section).Solvents in refinish paint ...
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Paint Nitrocellulose lacquers
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Nitrocellulose lacquers Finishes The use of Nitrocellulose lacquer explained. Nitrocellulose lacquers are a blend of nitrocellulose and synthetic resins. The nitrocellulose ...
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Paint Orange peel problems
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Paint Orange peel problems This section covers the more common orange peel or poor flow and pebbling problems when painting. Note: The best way io repair is after the colour is ...
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Paint Pigments
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Paint Pigments Paint pigmentation. Pigments used in the manufacture of paint are finely ground powders. These may be derived from naturally occurring minerals or they may be ...
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Paint Pinholing problems
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Paint Pinholing problems Paint Pinholing problems pitting and pock marks. Pinholding and pitting are generally caused by the same conditions that produce blistering. Pinholes and ...
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Paint Ringing problems
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Paint Ringing problems This section includes Paint Ringing problems flotation and very wet coat.To Repair apply another coat after flash-off. Cause 1 Coats too wet. 2 Gun held ...
