Jaguar AJ-V8 DOHC engine

From 1996 on

 

The Jaguar AJ-V8 is a compact DOHC - V8 - petrol engine , the automotive brands Jaguar , Land Rover and Lincoln (Ford) is used. The AJ-V8 is only the fourth Jaguar-developed engine generation.

The AJ-V8 engine replaced the in- line six-cylinder AJ6 (AJ16) and the V12 in all Jaguar vehicles from 1997. Later, more engine variants were used. It was built in the various series at Jaguar like the XJ8, the XK8 (X100) , later the XK (X150) , the S-Type and the F-Type. Furthermore, it was and is available in various Land Rover versions, the Lincoln LS and the Ford Thunderbird,and the Aston Martin V8 Vantage.

The AJ-V8 is manufactured in Bridgend . However, a version is built in Cologne and has been used exclusively since 2003 in the Aston Martin. It has hardly any parts in common with the original Jaguar engine. In Bridgend 3.5 to 5.0L V8 are built based on the AJ-V8. The Jaguar department is housed as a separate department in the Ford engine plan

The Jaguar AJ-8 is a compact DOHC V8 piston engine used in many Jaguar vehicles. It was the fourth new engine type in the history of the company. In 1997 it replaced both designs previously available on Jaguar cars: the straight-6 Jaguar AJ6 engine (or rather its AJ16 variant), and the Jaguar V12 engine. It remained the only engine type available on Jaguar until 1999 with the launch of the S-Type, when the Jaguar AJ-V6 enginewas added to the list. The AJ-V8 is available in displacements ranging from 3.2 L to 5.0 L, and a superchargedversion is also produced. 

The AJ-V8 was designed to use Nikasil-coated cylinders rather than the more-common iron cylinder liners. However, like the BMW M60, high-sulphur fuel reacted with the Nikasil liners and caused engine failures. Jaguar replaced affected engines, and has used conventional cast-iron linings ever since.

The engine originally used a two-state Variable Valve Timing system to switch the intake cam timing by 30°. Newer variants use a more sophisticated system which can vary intake timing incrementally up to 48°. The Lincoln version was made in the United States.

Other engine features include fracture-split forged powder metal connecting rods, a special one-piece cast camshaft, and reinforced plastic intake manifold.

When Jaguar was still part of the British Leyland Group, they wanted to persuade the Jaguar management to use the Rover -V8 instead of the V12, which was seen by Jaguar as an attack on sovereignty. The Rover V8, which was based on a Buick engine, was considered little cultivated. As a result, the body of the XJ40 sedan was designed from the outset so that the Rover V8 would have fit under any circumstances.

Jaguar's 6-cylinder AJ6 and AJ16 had a very good refinement and made little less than the V12. The V12 was more prestigious, but a very large unit that needed a lot of space.

Future developments should go in the direction of a shorter motor to extend the crumple zone to create safety reserves. Furthermore, the cylinder head design should allow a quick reach of the operating temperature, to increase comfort, but also to reduce pollutant emissions. Likewise, the efficiency should be increased and friction losses reduced in order to better control fleet consumption and emission levels.

With these above specifications, some alternatives were explored, including a V6 - as a "truncated" V12, which should compensate for the power loss with two turbochargers, a two-strokeV6 engine, which should have the same smoothness of the V12, since it has the same number of ignitions per engine revolution. Under the internal code "AJ12" a single-cylinder engine was built to test different options for combustion chamber, intake and exhaust and camshaft options. The data showed that a cylinder volume of 500 cc with 26 ° inclined inlet and outlet ports and four valves provided the best result in terms of efficiency and performance. However, these findings were not immediately incorporated into the construction of the AJ12, but the data was used to study several configurations based on a modular engine design: especially a four-liter eight-cylinder, a three-liter V six-cylinder, but also a two-liter inline four-cylinder , a five-liter V10 and finally a six-liter V12. However, the data collected clearly showed that one should focus on V6, V8 and V12 engines. This project has now been officially named AJ26 (6 + 8 + 12 = 26)

Chief developer Dave Szczupak and his team had put in the Jaguar development center in Whitley a lot of development work in the V8 engine to build an engine that was also perceived by potential customers as a Jaguar engine, because the V12 and the Reihensechser AJ6 ( AJ26) were considered very cultivated and smooth. Jaguar was then independent and financially unable to invest large sums of money in development. Ford bought Jaguar in 1990, which brought drastic changes in development and manufacturing.For the further development history of the AJ-V8 two different versions are rumored.

Version 1.Ford looked at the previous development data of the AJ-V8, was so impressed and gave Jaguar the funds needed to make the development to production maturity, only with the requirement to be limited to the V8.

Version 2.Ford wanted to persuade the Jaguar management to stop all attempts to develop its own engines. One should make use of engines from the group in the future. Jaguar, however, was given a budget to develop variable camshaft timing (VVT) for the newly-developed Ford V8 to cultivate the engine. Jaguar probably took the money, but continued to work on the AJ-V8 and then sent the engine, much to the displeasure of the Ford Group, the development center in Dearborn , where it was tested against the Ford V8. The Jaguar engine performed much better in power, smoothness and torque than the group brother. Jaguar was then commissioned to develop a slimmed-down version for the Lincoln LS. Ford's own V8 was now installed in commercial vehicles.

Further developments

From the AJ26 there were further developments. In the following, the variable camshaft control was further developed and built various versions with displacements from 3.2 to 5.0 liters with alternative oil sump. All version designations (AJ26, AJ27, etc) are communicated under the engine types "AJ-V8" summarized by Jaguar. Often, the AJ-V8 is also operated in a compressor variant with a screw compressor from Eaton and a water-cooled intercooler.

AJ-V8 gene III

The current AJ-V8 Gen III 5.0-liter gasoline engine produces 283 kW (385 hp) as a naturally aspirated direct injection engine. Fuel consumption in the combined cycle is 11.4 liters / 100 km and CO ₂ emissions are 269 g / km. This was achieved by a complete re-engineering , but also by a very high pressure working direct injection. Both versions (naturally aspirated and supercharged version) of the AJ-V8 Gen III meet the EU5 and US ULEV emission standards .
Chain tensioner problem. Earlier versions of the AJ V8 were prone to increased wear on the chain drive and premature failure of the plastic chain tensioner. As of August 13, 2001, metal chain tensioners were installed in all engines. Engines from the serial number 0108140000 basically have metal chain tensioners, which are considered durable and unproblematic.

4.0 L

The 4.0 L (3996 cc) AJ26 engine was introduced in 1996. The number "26" comes from 12+6+8 (cylinders), because when the first ideas were sketched, a family of 6-, 8- and 12-cylinder engines was contemplated, although only the 8-cylinder version was produced. It has a square 86 mm (3.4 in) bore and stroke. It was updated in 1998 as the AJ27 with continuously variable valve timing. The AJ-V8 was updated again in 2000 as the AJ28. The naturally aspirated version produces 290 hp (216 kW) in the 2000-2002 XK8.

Vehicles using this engine:
AJ26
1997-1998 Jaguar XJ8
1997-1998 Jaguar XK8
1997-1998 Daimler V8
AJ27
1999-2003 Jaguar XJ8
1999-2003 Jaguar XK8
1999-2003 Daimler V8
AJ28
2000-2002 Jaguar S-Type 281 hp (210 kW), 287 lb⋅ft (389 N⋅m)

Supercharged

The supercharged version of the AJ26 is used in the high-performance R versions of Jaguar's cars. The engine was updated with AJ27 specifications for 2000. It produces 375 hp (280 kW) and 387 lb⋅ft (525 N⋅m) with the help of an Eaton supercharger (modified roots-blower). The supercharged engine did not use variable cam timing as the normal benefits of improved volumetric efficiency are not noticeable on a boosted engine

Vehicles using the supercharged version include:

AJ26S
1998-1999 Jaguar XJR
1998-1999 Jaguar XKR
1998-1999 Daimler Super V8
AJ27S
2000-2003 Jaguar XJR
2000-2003 Jaguar XKR
2000-2003 Daimler Super V8

3.2 L

The 3.2 litre variant was the second to be introduced. It reduces the stroke to 70 mm (2.8 in) and power falls to 240 hp (179 kW) and 233 lb⋅ft (316 N⋅m). This variant was not available in the North American market.

Vehicles using this engine:

1997-2003 Jaguar XJ8
3.5 L
The 3.6 L (3555 cc/216 in³) "3.5" was used in the XJ series as well. The stroke was 76.5 mm (3.0 in). Output was 262 bhp (195 kW; 266 PS) at 6250 rpm and 345.0 N⋅m (254.5 lb⋅ft) at 4200 rpm.

Vehicles using this engine:

2002–2007 Jaguar XJ8 3.5, 262 hp (195 kW) and 254 lb⋅ft (344 N⋅m)

3.9 L

The 3.9L (3934 cc) AJ30/AJ35 variant is a unique displacement used only by Ford and Lincoln and is built in Ford's Lima, OH engine plant. Bore is 86 mm (3.4 in) and stroke is 85 mm (3.3 in). The AJ35 version introduced for the 2003 model year added variable valve timing of the intake camshafts and electronic throttle control. While the block, crankshaft, pistons, and connecting rods are all unique to this displacement, many other parts are shared with the AJ-V8 engines produced in the UK by Jaguar.

Vehicles using this engine:

2000-2002 Lincoln LS, 252 hp (188 kW) 267 lb⋅ft (362 N⋅m)
2002 Ford Thunderbird, 252 hp (188 kW) 267 lb⋅ft (362 N⋅m)
2003-2006 Lincoln LS, 280 hp (209 kW) 286 lb⋅ft (388 N⋅m)
2003-2005 Ford Thunderbird, 280 hp (209 kW) 286 lb⋅ft (388 N⋅m)
Ford Forty-Nine concept
The last AJ35 was produced in March 2006 after only 3 years. Total run of AJ30/35 was nearly 250,000 units

4.2 L

The 4.2 L (4,196 cc (256.1 cu in)), AJ33 and AJ34 versions retain the 86 mm (3.4 in) bore, however they do have a 90.3 mm (3.56 in) stroke . It was introduced in 2002 as the AJ33 and produces 294 hp (219 kW) at 6000 rpm with 303 lb⋅ft (411 N⋅m) of torque at 4100 rpm, later increased to 300 hp (224 kW) and 310 lb⋅ft (420 N⋅m).

Vehicles using this engine:

2003–2006 Jaguar XK-series 294 hp (219 kW), 303 lb⋅ft (411 N⋅m)
2006–2008 Jaguar XK-series 300 hp (224 kW), 310 lb⋅ft (420 N⋅m)
2002–2008 Jaguar S-Type 4.2, 300 hp (224 kW) and 310 lb⋅ft (420 N⋅m)
2004–2009 Jaguar XJ8, 300 hp (224 kW) and 310 lb⋅ft (420 N⋅m)
2008–2010 Jaguar XF, 300 hp (224 kW) and 310 lb⋅ft (420 N⋅m)

Supercharged

The AJ33S is a supercharged/intercooled variant of the AJ33. It was introduced in 2002 to replace the 4.0 SC and produces 390 hp (291 kW) at 6100 rpm with 399 lb⋅ft (541 N⋅m) of torque at 3500 rpm. The engine was later updated to AJ34S specification to include Variable Valve Timing as well as other minor updates.

Vehicles using this engine:

2004-2009 Jaguar XJR/Super V8, 400 hp (298 kW) and 408 lb⋅ft (553 N⋅m)
2003-2006 Jaguar XKR, 400 hp (298 kW) and 408 lb⋅ft (553 N⋅m)
2006-2008 Jaguar XKR, 420 hp (313 kW) and 410 lb⋅ft (560 N⋅m)
2003-2008 Jaguar S-Type R, 400 hp (298 kW) and 408 lb⋅ft (553 N⋅m)
2005–present Daimler Super Eight
2008-2010 Jaguar XF, 420 hp (313 kW) and 408 lb⋅ft (553 N⋅m)
Land Rover also offered a supercharged version of the 4.2 L as that company's high-performance engine. Land Rover's version is not the same as the Jaguar's version but it was adapted from it.

Applications:

2006-2009 Land Rover Range Rover Sport 385 hp (287 kW) and 406 lb⋅ft (550 N⋅m)
2006-2009 Land Rover Range Rover 400 hp (298 kW) and 413 lb⋅ft (560 N⋅m)

4.4 L

The 4.4 L (4,394 cc (268.1 cu in)) AJ41 version features an 88.0 mm (3.46 in) bore and a 90.3 mm (3.56 in) stroke. This engine also replaced the BMW M62 engine used in 2003-2005 Range Rover models.

Applications:

2005-2009 Land Rover Discovery - 300 hp (224 kW), 315 lb⋅ft (427 N⋅m)
2006-2009 Land Rover Range Rover Sport - 300 hp (224 kW) @ 5500 rpm, 315 lb⋅ft (427 N⋅m) @ 4000 rpm
2006-2009 Land Rover Range Rover - 305 hp (227 kW) @ 5750 rpm, 325 lb⋅ft (441 N⋅m) @ 4000 rpm

AJ133
Bore and stroke is 92.5 mm (3.6 in) x 93.00 mm (3.7 in). Land Rover version is called 'LR-V8 Petrol engine'.

Vehicles using this engine:

2009–2015 Jaguar XF, 385 PS (283 kW; 380 hp) and 515 N⋅m (380 lbf⋅ft)
2009–present Jaguar XJ, 385 PS (283 kW; 380 hp) and 515 N⋅m (380 lbf⋅ft)
2009–2011 Jaguar XJ, 470 PS (350 kW; 460 hp) and 575 N⋅m (424 lbf⋅ft)
2009–2014 Jaguar XK, 385 PS (283 kW; 380 hp) and 515 N⋅m (380 lbf⋅ft)
2009–2015 Jaguar XFR, 510 PS (380 kW; 500 hp) and 625 N⋅m (461 lbf⋅ft)
2014–present Jaguar XJR,550 PS (405 kW; 542 hp) and 502 lb ft (681 Nm)
2009–2015 Jaguar XKR, 510 PS (380 kW; 500 hp) and 625 N⋅m (461 lbf⋅ft)
2011–2015 Jaguar XKR-S, 550 PS (400 kW; 540 hp) and 680 N⋅m (500 lbf⋅ft)
2013–2015 Jaguar XFR-S, 550 PS (400 kW; 540 hp) and 680 N⋅m (500 lbf⋅ft)
2013–2015 Jaguar F-Type V8 S Convertible, 495 PS (364 kW) and 461 lb⋅ft (625 N⋅m)
2014–present Jaguar F-Type Coupé, 550 PS (405 kW) and 502 lb⋅ft (681 N⋅m)
2009–2015 Land Rover Discovery, 375 PS (276 kW) and 375 lb⋅ft (508 N⋅m)
2009–2015 Land Rover Range Rover Sport, 375 PS (276 kW) and 375 lb⋅ft (508 N⋅m)
2009–present Land Rover Range Rover Sport, 510 PS (375 kW) and 461 lb⋅ft (625 N⋅m)
2015–present Land Rover Range Rover Sport SVR 550 PS (405 kW) and 502 lb⋅ft (681 N⋅m)
2009–present Land Rover Range Rover, 375 PS (276 kW) and 375 lb⋅ft (508 N⋅m)
2009–present Land Rover Range Rover, 510 PS (375 kW) and 461 lb⋅ft (625 N⋅m)
2015–present Project 7/F-Type SVR, 575 PS (423 kW) and 502 lb⋅ft (681 N⋅m)
2018– Land Rover Discovery SVX, 525 PS (386 kW) and 561 lb⋅ft (761 N⋅m)
2018– XE SV Project 8, 600 PS (441 kW) and 516 lb⋅ft (700 N⋅m)
The Bowler Nemesis also uses a variant of this engine producing 600 horsepower.