Renault PR 100
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Make | Berliet Renault |
Years of production | Berliet : 1970 - 1980 |
Class | Bus |
Assembly plant | France, Venissieux |
Fuel | Diesel |
Motor (s) | V8 ( 8.4L ) Perkins V8.510 (XA) |
Engine position | Longitudinal Right Rear Cantilever (V8) |
Displacement | 8 350 cm 3 |
Maximum power | 174 DIN hp (128 kW ) |
Gearbox | Wilson Automatic Electric Manual Voith &ZF |
Unloaded weight | 9,460 kg |
Maximum speed | 90 km / h limited |
Mixed consumption | About 25 L / 100 km |
Bodywork (s) | Standard bus 2 or 3 doors (pneumatic) |
suspensions | Pneumatic Airlam |
Direction | Hydraulic rack-and-pinion |
brakes | Pneumatic drums |
Length | 11 230 mm |
Width | 2500 mm |
Height | 2,900 mm |
wheelbase | 5,600 mm |
Routes | 2,077 mm |
The PR 100 is a bus created by Berliet from 1970 to 1980 then taken over by Renault after the purchase of this brand from 1980 to 1984.
History
The PR 100 Prototype will be built in 1970 in only two copies. Compared to other vehicles of his time, he will have a new design and aesthetics, more square and angular. It will also have a lowered floor, for ease of movement of travelers, and a very large interior, luxurious and bright; a simple and easy-to-access driving position.
Between 1970, date of its presentation and 1984, many variants of this bus were manufactured.In addition to this range, there are also versions in the PR 180 articulated version and the ER 100 and PER 180 H trolleybus versions . Berliet launch along the PR 100, the PH 100 and PCM.U .It owes its name to its capacity of 100 seats (29 seats and 70 standing).
At the end of the 1960s, some urban network operators wanted to rejuvenate their vehicle fleets and benefit from more powerful vehicles. The manufacturer Berliet proposed a brand new concept: the PR 100 . The two prototypes built in 1970 and the following year four other items from the pre-series called PR 100.P . They will serve as a demonstration model.
The PR 100 will be unveiled in May 1971, as part of the International Week For in Monte Carlo . It marks an air of renewal, after the failure of the twin of the SC 10: the PCM with only 1,162 units produced.
The first service models, the PR 100.PA , were delivered to the Dijon network in September 1972. Produced up to 1976, 1,173 items are coming out of the Berliet plants. Like the PR 100 P, they have a Perkins V8.510 engine .In 1973, Berliet launched a new variant, the PR 100.PB or .B (B for the Berliet engine), identical to the previous except for the engine which is a Berliet V800. This bus has been marketed to 296 copies.
In 1974, the RATP acquired 10 PR 100.R , the latter having a specific windshield and a Perkins engine.In 1976, Berliet created the PR 100.PRS, a suburban version produced in 17 copies.From 1977, the PR 100 MI makes its entry, allowing to forget the defects of youth of the vehicle. It is powered by a new six-cylinder in-line engine of 200 horsepower. This series, produced with 2,308 copies, makes it the largest in number.
May 1971 Berliet conjured first four pre-serial bus during the 20 International Week of the coach to Monaco: PR 100.P (P for Pre-series).
The front, whose model is deposited by Berliet, is quite intriguing with a flat windshield, whose anti-reflective tilt is 11 ° backwards in compliance with the standard of near visibility. This is due to a gap of 90 cm between the floor and the bottom of the glass allowing wide visibility to the driver including the addition of two triangular side bays, docking windows facilitating maneuvering. The rear window is identical to the windshield, it is standardization, except that it is reversed! Its design is based on the principle of the self-supporting beam box with a length of 11,230 meters (11,350 meters with the mounting of bumpers on bumpers). Its floor is 645 mm from the ground to the front, in the center (640 for SC 10). The suspension is of AIRLAM type composed of a combination of air cushions and leaf springs: it is found on the Stradair truck , on the PH series coaches and Cruisair.
The PR 100 is not the first French rear-engined bus although it has been attributed this praise to its release: going back to the fifties, we find the precursors Million-Guiet-Tubauto B 9 and Isobloc 655 DHU . The PR 100 starts with a British Perkins V8.510 engine with 187 hp (reduced to 175 due to excessive oil consumption and lower vehicle noise) associated with a Wilson Diwa and Pont-à- semi semiautomatic gearbox. Monsoon HVD with manual electric control with optional Voith Diwa and Pont-à-Mousson.
Mr. Alfred Engels, then head of the design office will propose to take the AR bezel which is flat and reverse it to make the windshield which is a big saving of tools because with a tool, glassmakers go to make bezel and windscreen .
In July 1972, 1173 buses were distributed in the cities of France. The very first will be marketed in Dijon . The city of Toulon will receive sixteen PR 100.PA with three-door option. They will be the first designed for self-service.
The .PA will have the same engine as the first six PR 100 built by Berliet. Several options will be available, such as chrome hubcaps, fog lights, bumper bumpers, a third door, tilting or sliding windows, different types of upholstery ...
In 1973, Berliet will launch the PR 100.PB or .B (B for the Berliet engine replacing the Perkins). Its new V8 engine, named Berliet V800, will make 170 hp. It will be more powerful and less noisy. Its radiator will be placed on the left side, while that of the Perkins was placed at the rear facing the engine. Thanks to this, the .PB are differentiable to .PA by their ventilation grid. They also differ in their bridges. That of PR 100.PB will be longer, which will allow it to reach 90 km / h (instead of 74 for .PA).
Only 296 PR 100.B will be produced. The city of Grenoble was one of the cities to have the most with 72 copies.It will mainly be used for suburban lines.
Its engine, type BERLIET MIP 06.20.30, is integrated in a soundproof compartment and equipped with silencers on the exhaust. The entry and the exit of air repeal the critics on the first engines (Perkins and Berliet V 800): excessive noise nuisance, emissions of too polluting fumes. In the PR 100 MI, a new driving position and easier access are introduced, consisting of three small steps instead of two large ones. What external difference? it can be recognized by its pressed molded in the bottom of each door leaf (under the corresponding glazing), the radiator grille located in the right rear overhang (previously left), the fuel tank and its filler chute moved into the wheelbase, to the roof gutter which is lowered at the upper line of the bays and finally to the liftable engine hood (instead of two "cabinet" type gates). A three-door version is proposed for a "self-service" operation, which makes it easy to climb and descend. The third door is mounted in the wheelbase and not the rear overhang due to the position of the engine that would have required a number of prohibitive steps.
It allows a renewal of the following trolleybus networks: Lyon, Marseille, Grenoble, Saint-Etienne and Limoges. The engine is built by Traction-Electro-Mechanical Company-Oerlikon (TCO) or Alsthom : it is a 58 hp diesel, fitted as an option, allowing autonomous operation in case of failure of the electrified or deflected network.
Renault brand (1980 - 1984)
The Renault diamond (designed by Vassarely) is affixed to vehicles since 1980 and the monogram "RENAULT" on the back. This series is produced until 1984, date of arrival of the Renault PR 100.2.Between 1983/1984 and 1996, Heuliez develops its own range of standard ( GX107 ) and articulated ( GX187 ) vehicles built on the Renault PR 100 & PR 180 chassis and their evolution.The GX 107, also released a declination: the GX 113, which is a GX 107 whose interior is specially designed for Marseille .This range of buses also enjoyed significant success with French networks.
Worldwide PR 100
Without making a specific detail, note that several types of PR 100 are licensed under Berliet and then RVI around the world with many modifications sometimes, such as driving right in Australia. Some do not have the appearance - aesthetically - French PR 100.
The Spanish bodybuilder also relied on the standard PR 100 chassis to develop the PR.B (city bus) and PR.C (interurban bus) in 1997.
- The PRS in 1976
- The PR 80S, in 1985, is a PR 100.2-built bus with a specific front face, single swivel doors replacing the double one, and a raised floor for 53 seats in the direction of travel.
- The PR 120S is simply a PR 180, except that it is equipped with swinging doors, a raised floor for the insertion of seats in the direction of travel as a coach. Only two copies are built. One was destroyed in the eastern countries. The other 2 , in poor condition, was preserved by a Rennes association (Interconnection), having been withdrawn from service in 2012. The PR 80S is the standard version of PR 120.S.
- Poland: Jelcz PR100 produced between 1973 and 1977; Jelcz produces the PR 100 under license, hence two monograms on vehicles (Berliet / Jelcz). Renault VI no longer refers to Polish production. The Jelcz PR110 is an extended version of 12 meters and elevated 10 cm developed only for Poland. There are 110 seats (36 seats, 74 standing), powered by a Leylandengineand equipped with a third door in the rear overhang. There are 205 PR110s in Berliet's registers, of which only sixteen are built entirely in Venissieux. The remaining 184 are shipped in CKD to Poland. The manufacturing will then be licensed as the PR 100 even reaching variants "coaches" called interurban and tourism.
- Algeria: Sonacome PR 100.V8 (Sitra / Deutz engine );
- Spain is also adopting PR 100.2, some of which are powered by Daimler-Benz engines ;
- Australia: Renault PR 100.2 ( Mack engine ), PR 180.2 (Mack engine), PR 100.3 (→ Creation of the bodybuilder Austral Denning from a PR 100 then an R312 , Mack engine ). Some of the buses were stamped Mack-Renault. In particular, Transperth in Perth operated until 2010; in Canberra , ACTION has operated more than 200, of which another 71 are in service in November 2018 .
