Automotive Tyres, wheels and brakes history
Wheels & Brakes
Tyres Wheels & Brakes
history and innovation.
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BMW tyre pressures chart
BMW tyre pressures chart This chart should be used as a guideline only. Model Year-(MY) Torque (NM) Tyre Size Pressure Front (PSI) Pressure Rear (PSI) 1 Series (E81/82/87/88) 04 – 13 120 185/60R16 31 35 1 Series (E81/82/87/88) 04 – 13 120 195/55R16 31 35 1 Series (E81/82/87/88) 04 – 13 120 205/55R1 ...
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Drum Brake Explained
How A Car Drum Brake Works A Typical Car drum brake parts diagram Drum brakes have adjusters which move the brake shoes nearer to the drum to compensate for wear After a time, the Friction material on the brake shoes wears down and so the surfaces of the brake shoes get further away from the drum s ...
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Lotus Wheel Fitment Guide
Lotus Wheel Fitment PCD & Offsets Size Guide Model P.C.D. Lotus Eclat 4 x 114.3 Lotus Excel 4 x 114.3 Lotus Elite 4 x 114.3 Lotus Esprit (Pre 1981) 4 x 100 Lotus Esprit (From 1981) 5 x 120 Lotus Esprit 2, 3 (Pre 1984) 4 x 100 Lotus Esprit 2, 3 (From 1984) 5 x 120 Lotus Exige 4 x 100 Lotus Turbo 5 x ...
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Peugeot Wheel Fitment Guide
Peugeot Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model Year PCD Offset Bore 1007 05 on 4×108 20 to 25 65.1 106 3-Stud 91 on 3×98 5 to 10 55.1 106 4 Stud 91 on 4×108 15 to 20 65.1 106 GTI 96 on 4×108 13 to 18 65.1 107 05 on 4×100 35 to 45 54.1 205 / 309 84 to 99 4×108 15 to 20 65.1 206 98 on 4×108 20 ...
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Renault Wheel Fitment Guide
Renault Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model Year PCD Offset Bore Avantime 02 to 03 5×108 35 to 45 60.1 Clio MK1 1.2 to 1.8 90 to 98 4×100 35 to 38 60.1 Clio MK1 16S/Williams 90 to 98 4×100 35 to 38 60.1 Clio MK2 1.2 to 1.8 98 on 4×100 35 to 38 60.1 Clio MK2 16V/2.0 RS 99 on 4×100 35 to 38 ...
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Seat Wheel Fitment Guide
Seat Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model Year PCD Offset Bore Alhambra 96 on 5×112 35 to 45 57.1 Arosa 97 on 4×100 35 to 45 57.1 Cordoba MK1/MK2 93 to 02 4×100 35 to 45 57.1 Cordoba MK3 02 on 5×100 35 to 45 57.1 Ibiza 85 to 93 4×98 35 to 38 58.1 Ibiza 93 to 02 4×100 35 to 38 57.1 Ibiza 02 ...
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Skoda Wheel Fitment Guide
Skoda Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model P.C.D. ET C.B. Škoda Favorit 4 x 100 35...38 57 Škoda Felicia 4 x 100 35...38 57 Škoda Forman 4 x 100 35...38 57 Škoda Octavia 5 x 100 35...38 57 Škoda Pick-up 4 x 100 35...38 57 Fabia 00> 5x100 35 to 42 57.1 Felicia 94 to 01 4x100 35 to 42 57.1 O ...
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Subaru Wheel Fitment Guide
Subaru Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model P.C.D. ET Bore Subaru Forester 5 x 100 40...50 56 Subaru Justy (iki 1995 m.) 4 x 100 35...38 59 Subaru Justy (nuo 1995 m.) 4 x 114.3 35...38 60 Subaru Impreza 5 x 100 40...50 56 Subaru Legacy 5 x 100 40...50 56 Subaru Libero 4 x 100 35...38 56 Su ...
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Transbrake
Transbrake In drag racing, a transbrake is a mechanism that selectively places the transmission in first and reverse gears simultaneously, effectively holding the race car stationary as if the foot brake was applied. It is specifically used on automatic transmissions that employ a torque converter, ...
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TVR Wheel Fitment Guide
TVR Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model Year PCD Offset Bore Cerbera 95 on 5×114 35 to 45 71.5 Chimaera 4.0/5.0/V8 93 on 4×108 35 to 45 63.3 Chimaera 4.6 97 on 4×108 15 to 35 63.3 Griffith 92 on 4×108 15 to 35 63.3 Sagaris 01 on 5×114 35 to 45 70.1 T350C/T440R 02 on 5×114 35 to 45 70.1 Ta ...
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Tyre Regulatory Markings
Tyre (tire) Regulatory Markings DOT code In the United States, the DOT Code is an alphanumeric character sequence molded into the sidewall of the tire for purposes of tire identification. The DOT Code is mandated by the U.S. Department of Transportation. The DOT Code is useful in identifying tires ...
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Vauxhall Wheel Fitment Guide
Vauxhall Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model Year PCD Offset Bore Astra 4 Stud 84 to 98 4×100 35 to 45 56.6 Astra 4 Stud 98 to 03 4×100 35 to 45 56.6 Astra 5 Stud 98 to 03 5×110 35 to 45 65.1 Astra Coupe 98 on 5×110 35 to 45 65.1 Astravan 98 on 5×110 35 to 45 65.1 Calibra 4 Stud 90 to 02 ...
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Volkswagen Wheel Fitment Guide
Volkswagen Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model P.C.D. ET Bore Volkswagen Bora 5 x 100 32...38 57 Volkswagen Caddy 4 x 100 32...38 57 Volkswagen Caravelle (upto 1990) 5 x 112 68 Volkswagen Caravelle (after 1990) 5 x 112 35...40 57 Volkswagen Corrado 4 x 100 32...38 57 Volkswagen Corrado VR ...
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Volvo Wheel Fitment Guide
Volvo Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model Year PCD Offset Bore 440/460/480 86 to 97 4×100 35 to 45 52.1 7/9 Series 82 to 98 5×108 15 to 25 65.1 850 4 Stud 91 to 94 4×108 35 to 45 65.1 850 5 Stud 94 to 97 5×108 35 to 45 65.1 960 95 to 97 5×108 35 to 45 65.1 C30 98 on 5×108 35 to 45 63.4 C7 ...
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Wheel alignment
Automotive Wheel alignment Wheel alignment, sometimes referred to as breaking or tracking, is part of standard automobile maintenance that consists of adjusting the angles of the wheels so that they are set to the car maker's specification. The purpose of these adjustments is to reduce tire wear, a ...
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Wheel Bearing
Automotive Car Wheel Bearing A Typical Car Wheel Bearing On most cars whether front or rear wheel drive the hub to which the front wheel is bolted spins on a stub axle. The wheel can turn because the hub is mounted on inner and outer bearings. Depending on the type and make of car, these bearings m ...
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