Guide
Helpful hints on maintaining your car. For classic & modern cars.
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Base units Terms Explained SI 2
Base units Terms Explained Derived units are formed by powers, products or quotients of the base units and are unlimited in number; Derived units are associated with derived quantities, for example velocity is a quantity that is derived from the base quantities of time and distance which, in SI, ha ...
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Blue Smoke from Engine Exhaust Pipe
Blue Smoke from Exhaust Pipe explained Many people consider blue smoke from a car to be elusive. Blue smoke is generally caused because of several specific conditions in the vehicle's engine. We will help you determine what the problem is so it can be corrected and stop the blue smoke. Blue smoke a ...
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BMW tyre pressures chart
BMW tyre pressures chart This chart should be used as a guideline only. Model Year-(MY) Torque (NM) Tyre Size Pressure Front (PSI) Pressure Rear (PSI) 1 Series (E81/82/87/88) 04 – 13 120 185/60R16 31 35 1 Series (E81/82/87/88) 04 – 13 120 195/55R16 31 35 1 Series (E81/82/87/88) 04 – 13 120 205/55R1 ...
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Bundorf analysis explained
Car Bundorf analysis explained A Bundorf analysis is a way of describing the characteristics of a vehicle that govern its understeer balance. The understeer is measured in units of degrees of additional yaw per g of lateral acceleration. Negative values are oversteering, positive values are underst ...
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H-point Explained
Car H-point Explained In vehicle design and especially automotive design, the H-point (or hip-point) is the theoretical, relative location of an occupant's hip, specifically the pivot point between the torso and upper leg portions of the body, either relative to the floor of the vehicleor relative ...
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J-turn reverse 180
J-turn reversing vehicle 180° explained A J-turn is a driving maneuver used to spin a reversing vehicle 180°, to drive forward in the same direction. The J-turn is also called "moonshiner's turn", based on the evasive driving tactics used by bootleggers, and a "reverse 180". A J-turn differs from a ...
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Lotus Wheel Fitment Guide
Lotus Wheel Fitment PCD & Offsets Size Guide Model P.C.D. Lotus Eclat 4 x 114.3 Lotus Excel 4 x 114.3 Lotus Elite 4 x 114.3 Lotus Esprit (Pre 1981) 4 x 100 Lotus Esprit (From 1981) 5 x 120 Lotus Esprit 2, 3 (Pre 1984) 4 x 100 Lotus Esprit 2, 3 (From 1984) 5 x 120 Lotus Exige 4 x 100 Lotus Turbo 5 x ...
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Maserati ECU Upgrades
ECU Remapping for Maserati Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Maserati cars with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP Tuning Performance 420 2.0 185 BHP Stage 1: ECU Remap +34 BHP +50 Nm Torque 420 S 2.0 205 BHP Stage 1: ECU Remap +33 BHP +55 Nm Torque Biturbo 2.8 250 ...
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Peugeot Wheel Fitment Guide
Peugeot Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model Year PCD Offset Bore 1007 05 on 4×108 20 to 25 65.1 106 3-Stud 91 on 3×98 5 to 10 55.1 106 4 Stud 91 on 4×108 15 to 20 65.1 106 GTI 96 on 4×108 13 to 18 65.1 107 05 on 4×100 35 to 45 54.1 205 / 309 84 to 99 4×108 15 to 20 65.1 206 98 on 4×108 20 ...
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Power Window Motor Test Replace
How to Replace a electric Window Motor For those of us who have owned vehicles with manual windows and have had to hang over the passenger side trying to roll down the window to talk to a friend as you leave from the curb, power windows are a blessing. But when electric windows stop working where d ...
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Renault Wheel Fitment Guide
Renault Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model Year PCD Offset Bore Avantime 02 to 03 5×108 35 to 45 60.1 Clio MK1 1.2 to 1.8 90 to 98 4×100 35 to 38 60.1 Clio MK1 16S/Williams 90 to 98 4×100 35 to 38 60.1 Clio MK2 1.2 to 1.8 98 on 4×100 35 to 38 60.1 Clio MK2 16V/2.0 RS 99 on 4×100 35 to 38 ...
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Seat Wheel Fitment Guide
Seat Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model Year PCD Offset Bore Alhambra 96 on 5×112 35 to 45 57.1 Arosa 97 on 4×100 35 to 45 57.1 Cordoba MK1/MK2 93 to 02 4×100 35 to 45 57.1 Cordoba MK3 02 on 5×100 35 to 45 57.1 Ibiza 85 to 93 4×98 35 to 38 58.1 Ibiza 93 to 02 4×100 35 to 38 57.1 Ibiza 02 ...
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Self aligning torque
Car Self aligning torque explained Self aligning torque, also known as aligning torque, SAT, or Mz, is the torque that a tire creates as it rolls along, which tends to steer it, i.e. rotate it around its vertical axis. In the presence of a non-zero slip angle, this torque tends to steer the tire to ...
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semaphore signals (Trafficators)
Car semaphore signals (Trafficators) explained Trafficators are semaphore signals which, when operated, protrude from the bodywork of a motor vehicle to indicate its intention to turn in the direction indicated by the pointing signal. Trafficators are often located at the door pillar. History They ...
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Skoda Wheel Fitment Guide
Skoda Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model P.C.D. ET C.B. Škoda Favorit 4 x 100 35...38 57 Škoda Felicia 4 x 100 35...38 57 Škoda Forman 4 x 100 35...38 57 Škoda Octavia 5 x 100 35...38 57 Škoda Pick-up 4 x 100 35...38 57 Fabia 00> 5x100 35 to 42 57.1 Felicia 94 to 01 4x100 35 to 42 57.1 O ...
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Subaru Wheel Fitment Guide
Subaru Wheel Fitment Sizes Guide PCD & Offsets Model P.C.D. ET Bore Subaru Forester 5 x 100 40...50 56 Subaru Justy (iki 1995 m.) 4 x 100 35...38 59 Subaru Justy (nuo 1995 m.) 4 x 114.3 35...38 60 Subaru Impreza 5 x 100 40...50 56 Subaru Legacy 5 x 100 40...50 56 Subaru Libero 4 x 100 35...38 56 Su ...
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